ubuntu-intall-cuda

发表于 2024-11-19 更新于 2024-11-20 分类于 Linux Waline：

Ubuntu20.04如何安装CUDA

安装显卡驱动

#更新系统，安装必须用到的工具
exxk@exxk:~$ sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y
exxk@exxk:~$ sudo apt install -y curl wget gnupg lsb-release
#添加 NVIDIA 驱动的 PPA
exxk@exxk:~$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa
exxk@exxk:~$ sudo apt update
#检测可用驱动： 它会列出所有设备（如显卡）和相应的推荐驱动。如果知道安装什么去驱动了，可以不用安装
exxk@exxk:~$ sudo apt install -y ubuntu-drivers-common
exxk@exxk:~$ ubuntu-drivers devices
ERROR:root:could not open aplay -l
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/share/ubuntu-drivers-common/detect/sl-modem.py", line 35, in detect
    aplay = subprocess.Popen(
  File "/usr/lib/python3.8/subprocess.py", line 858, in __init__
    self._execute_child(args, executable, preexec_fn, close_fds,
  File "/usr/lib/python3.8/subprocess.py", line 1704, in _execute_child
    raise child_exception_type(errno_num, err_msg, err_filename)
FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'aplay' #系统试图使用aplay来检测音频设备，但该工具未安装，可以忽略该错误
== /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:10.0 ==
modalias : pci:v000010DEd000025E2sv000017AAsd0000382Dbc03sc00i00
vendor   : NVIDIA Corporation
driver   : nvidia-driver-470 - distro non-free
driver   : nvidia-driver-535-server - distro non-free
driver   : nvidia-driver-535 - distro non-free
driver   : nvidia-driver-550-open - third-party non-free
driver   : nvidia-driver-535-open - distro non-free
driver   : nvidia-driver-550 - third-party non-free
driver   : nvidia-driver-560 - third-party non-free recommended #推荐的驱动
driver   : nvidia-driver-535-server-open - distro non-free
driver   : nvidia-driver-545-open - third-party non-free
driver   : nvidia-driver-470-server - distro non-free
driver   : nvidia-driver-555-open - third-party non-free
driver   : nvidia-driver-545 - third-party non-free
driver   : nvidia-driver-555 - third-party non-free
driver   : nvidia-driver-560-open - third-party non-free
driver   : xserver-xorg-video-nouveau - distro free builtin
exxk@exxk:~$ sudo apt install -y nvidia-driver-560
exxk@exxk:~$ sudo reboot
exxk@exxk:~$ nvidia-smi
Tue Nov 19 07:27:03 2024
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| NVIDIA-SMI 560.35.03              Driver Version: 560.35.03      CUDA Version: 12.6     |
|-----------------------------------------+------------------------+----------------------+
| GPU  Name                 Persistence-M | Bus-Id          Disp.A | Volatile Uncorr. ECC |
| Fan  Temp   Perf          Pwr:Usage/Cap |           Memory-Usage | GPU-Util  Compute M. |
|                                         |                        |               MIG M. |
|=========================================+========================+======================|
|   0  NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3050 ...    Off |   00000000:00:10.0 Off |                  N/A |
| N/A   45C    P8              3W /   60W |      15MiB /   4096MiB |      0%      Default |
|                                         |                        |                  N/A |
+-----------------------------------------+------------------------+----------------------+

+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Processes:                                                                              |
|  GPU   GI   CI        PID   Type   Process name                              GPU Memory |
|        ID   ID                                                               Usage      |
|=========================================================================================|
|    0   N/A  N/A       933      G   /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg                              4MiB |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

安装docker(可以在安装系统时勾选上docker，这一步就可以省略，建议不要省略，安装系统勾选安装的docker 版本较低)

#安装 Docker 仓库密钥和工具
exxk@exxk:~$ sudo apt install -y apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common
exxk@exxk:~$ curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg
#添加 Docker 仓库
exxk@exxk:~$ echo "deb [arch=amd64 signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/docker-archive-keyring.gpg] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null
exxk@exxk:~$ sudo apt update
#安装 Docker
exxk@exxk:~$ sudo apt install -y docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
#将当前用户添加到 Docker 组
exxk@exxk:~$ sudo usermod -aG docker $USER
exxk@exxk:~$ sudo reboot
#查看docker版本，如果没有添加当前用户到docker组，需要加sudo
exxk@exxk:~$ docker version
Client: Docker Engine - Community
 Version:           27.3.1
 API version:       1.47
 Go version:        go1.22.7
 Git commit:        ce12230
 Built:             Fri Sep 20 11:41:03 2024
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
 Context:           default

Server: Docker Engine - Community
 Engine:
  Version:          27.3.1
  API version:      1.47 (minimum version 1.24)
  Go version:       go1.22.7
  Git commit:       41ca978
  Built:            Fri Sep 20 11:41:03 2024
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false
 containerd:
  Version:          1.7.23
  GitCommit:        57f17b0a6295a39009d861b89e3b3b87b005ca27
 runc:
  Version:          1.1.14
  GitCommit:        v1.1.14-0-g2c9f560
 docker-init:
  Version:          0.19.0
  GitCommit:        de40ad0

安装 NVIDIA Container Toolkit

# 配置生产存储库：
exxk@exxk:~$ curl -fsSL https://nvidia.github.io/libnvidia-container/gpgkey | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/nvidia-container-toolkit-keyring.gpg \
  && curl -s -L https://nvidia.github.io/libnvidia-container/stable/deb/nvidia-container-toolkit.list | \
    sed 's#deb https://#deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/nvidia-container-toolkit-keyring.gpg] https://#g' | \
    sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nvidia-container-toolkit.list
#（可选）配置存储库以使用实验性软件包：
exxk@exxk:~$ sudo sed -i -e '/experimental/ s/^#//g' /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nvidia-container-toolkit.list   
#从存储库更新包列表：
exxk@exxk:~$ sudo apt-get update
#安装 NVIDIA Container Toolkit 软件包：
exxk@exxk:~$ sudo apt-get install -y nvidia-container-toolkit
#配置并重启 Docker
exxk@exxk:~$ sudo nvidia-ctk runtime configure --runtime=docker
exxk@exxk:~$ sudo systemctl restart docker
#运行一个简单的容器测试 GPU 是否可用
exxk@exxk:~$ docker run --rm --gpus all nvidia/cuda:11.8.0-base-ubuntu20.04 nvidia-smi
Tue Nov 19 07:58:08 2024
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| NVIDIA-SMI 560.35.03              Driver Version: 560.35.03      CUDA Version: 12.6     |
|-----------------------------------------+------------------------+----------------------+
| GPU  Name                 Persistence-M | Bus-Id          Disp.A | Volatile Uncorr. ECC |
| Fan  Temp   Perf          Pwr:Usage/Cap |           Memory-Usage | GPU-Util  Compute M. |
|                                         |                        |               MIG M. |
|=========================================+========================+======================|
|   0  NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3050 ...    Off |   00000000:00:10.0 Off |                  N/A |
| N/A   39C    P8              3W /   60W |      15MiB /   4096MiB |      0%      Default |
|                                         |                        |                  N/A |
+-----------------------------------------+------------------------+----------------------+

+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Processes:                                                                              |
|  GPU   GI   CI        PID   Type   Process name                              GPU Memory |
|        ID   ID                                                               Usage      |
|=========================================================================================|
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+